WMIC Commands
Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line
Complete Reference Guide
WMIC क्या है?
WMIC (Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line) एक powerful command-line tool है जो Windows में system information प्राप्त करने और management tasks perform करने के लिए उपयोग होता है। यह WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation) का command-line interface है।
⚠️ महत्वपूर्ण नोट: WMIC को Windows 10 और Windows Server 2016 के बाद के versions में deprecated कर दिया गया है। Microsoft अब PowerShell cmdlets का उपयोग करने की सलाह देता है। हालांकि, यह अभी भी कई systems पर काम करता है।
मुख्य विशेषताएं:
- Hardware और software की detailed information
- System configuration और management
- Remote computer management
- Process और service management
- Scripting और automation support
Basic Syntax
wmic [alias] [verb] [options]
Common Verbs:
- GET – Information प्राप्त करें
- LIST – सभी instances की list
- CALL – Method execute करें
- DELETE – Instance को delete करें
- CREATE – नया instance बनाएं
1. System Information Commands
Computer System Information
wmic computersystem list brief
Computer का basic information (name, manufacturer, model)
wmic computersystem get name,manufacturer,model,totalphysicalmemory
Specific details के साथ
wmic computersystem get domain
Domain/Workgroup name
BIOS Information
wmic bios list brief
BIOS की basic information
wmic bios get serialnumber
BIOS serial number
wmic bios get manufacturer,version,releasedate
BIOS manufacturer और version
Operating System Information
wmic os list brief
OS की basic details
wmic os get caption,version,buildnumber
OS name, version और build number
wmic os get installdate,lastbootuptime
Installation और last boot time
wmic os get freephysicalmemory,totalvisiblememorysize
Memory usage information
wmic os get osarchitecture
32-bit या 64-bit architecture
2. Hardware Information Commands
CPU/Processor Information
wmic cpu list brief
Processor की basic details
wmic cpu get name,numberofcores,maxclockspeed
CPU name, cores और clock speed
wmic cpu get loadpercentage
Current CPU usage percentage
Memory (RAM) Information
wmic memorychip list brief
Physical memory modules की list
wmic memorychip get capacity,speed,manufacturer
RAM capacity, speed और manufacturer
wmic memphysical get maxcapacity
Maximum RAM capacity supported
Disk/Hard Drive Information
wmic diskdrive list brief
सभी disk drives की list
wmic diskdrive get model,size,serialnumber
Disk model, size और serial number
wmic logicaldisk list brief
Logical drives (C:, D:, etc.)
wmic logicaldisk get name,size,freespace,filesystem
Drive name, total size, free space और file system
wmic partition list brief
Disk partitions की list
Motherboard Information
wmic baseboard list brief
Motherboard की basic information
wmic baseboard get manufacturer,product,serialnumber
Motherboard manufacturer, model और serial
3. Network Information Commands
Network Adapter Information
wmic nic list brief
सभी network adapters
wmic nic get name,macaddress,speed
Adapter name, MAC address और speed
wmic nicconfig list brief
Network configuration details
wmic nicconfig get ipaddress,macaddress,dhcpserver
IP address, MAC address और DHCP server
wmic nicconfig where IPEnabled=true get description,ipaddress
केवल enabled adapters की IP information
4. Process Management Commands
Process Information
wmic process list brief
सभी running processes
wmic process get name,processid,parentprocessid
Process name, ID और parent process ID
wmic process where name=”notepad.exe” get processid,executablepath
Specific process की details
wmic process get workingsetsize,name
Memory usage by processes
Process Control
wmic process where name=”notepad.exe” delete
Process को terminate करें
wmic process where processid=1234 delete
Process ID से terminate करें
wmic process call create “notepad.exe”
नया process start करें
5. Service Management Commands
wmic service list brief
सभी services की list
wmic service get name,state,startmode
Service name, state और start mode
wmic service where state=”running” get name,displayname
केवल running services
wmic service where name=”Spooler” get state
Specific service की state check करें
wmic service where name=”Spooler” call startservice
Service को start करें
wmic service where name=”Spooler” call stopservice
Service को stop करें
6. Software Information Commands
Installed Software
wmic product list brief
सभी installed programs
wmic product get name,version,vendor
Program name, version और vendor
wmic product where name=”Adobe Reader” get version
Specific software का version check करें
wmic product where name=”unwanted program” call uninstall
⚠️ सावधानी: Program को uninstall करें (सावधानी से use करें)
Startup Programs
wmic startup list brief
Startup पर चलने वाले programs
wmic startup get caption,command,location
Startup program details
7. User Account Management Commands
wmic useraccount list brief
सभी user accounts
wmic useraccount get name,fullname,sid
User name, full name और SID
wmic useraccount where name=’username’ get status
User account status
wmic group list brief
सभी user groups
8. Battery और Power Commands (Laptops)
wmic battery list brief
Battery information
wmic battery get estimatedchargeremaining,batterystatus
Battery charge और status
wmic path win32_battery get estimatedruntime
Estimated remaining runtime
9. Advanced WMIC Commands
Event Log
wmic nteventlog list brief
Event logs की list
wmic nteventlog get logfilename,numberofrecords
Log file names और record count
Desktop Settings
wmic desktop list brief
Desktop configuration
wmic desktop get screensaveractive,wallpaper
Screensaver और wallpaper settings
Printer Information
wmic printer list brief
Installed printers
wmic printer get name,portname,drivername
Printer details
Temperature Monitoring (if supported)
wmic /namespace:\\root\wmi PATH MSAcpi_ThermalZoneTemperature get CurrentTemperature
System temperature (अगर supported हो)
10. Output Formatting Options
wmic cpu list /format:list
List format में output
wmic cpu list /format:csv
CSV format में output
wmic cpu list /format:table
Table format में output
wmic cpu list brief > cpu_info.txt
Output को file में save करें
11. Remote Computer Management
wmic /node:computername process list brief
Remote computer की processes
wmic /node:192.168.1.100 /user:admin /password:pass computersystem get name
Credentials के साथ remote access
wmic /node:@computers.txt process list brief
Multiple computers (file से list)
12. Complete WMIC Aliases List
WMIC में कई pre-defined aliases हैं जो commonly used WMI classes के लिए shortcuts हैं:
| Alias | Description |
| BIOS | BIOS chip information |
| BASEBOARD | Motherboard information |
| BOOTCONFIG | Boot configuration |
| CDROM | CD-ROM drives |
| COMPUTERSYSTEM | Computer system information |
| CPU | Processor information |
| CSPRODUCT | Computer system product |
| DATAFILE | DataFile management |
| DCOMAPP | DCOM applications |
| DESKTOP | Desktop settings |
| DESKTOPMONITOR | Desktop monitor |
| DISKDRIVE | Physical disk drives |
| DISKQUOTA | Disk space usage |
| ENVIRONMENT | Environment variables |
| FSDIR | File system directory |
| GROUP | User groups |
| IDECONTROLLER | IDE controller |
| IRQ | Interrupt requests |
| JOB | Scheduled jobs |
| LOADORDER | System load order |
| LOGICALDISK | Logical disks (C:, D:) |
| LOGON | Logon sessions |
| MEMCACHE | Cache memory |
| MEMLOGICAL | Logical memory |
| MEMPHYSICAL | Physical memory |
| NETCLIENT | Network client |
| NETLOGIN | Network login information |
| NETPROTOCOL | Network protocols |
| NETUSE | Network connections |
| NIC | Network adapters |
| NICCONFIG | Network adapter config |
| NTDOMAIN | NT domain information |
| NTEVENT | NT Event log |
| NTEVENTLOG | NT Event log files |
| ONBOARDDEVICE | Onboard devices |
| OS | Operating system |
| PAGEFILE | Page file information |
| PAGEFILESET | Page file settings |
| PARTITION | Disk partitions |
| PORT | I/O ports |
| PORTCONNECTOR | Physical connectors |
| PRINTER | Installed printers |
| PRINTERCONFIG | Printer configuration |
| PRINTJOB | Print jobs |
| PROCESS | Running processes |
| PRODUCT | Installed software |
| QFE | Quick Fix Engineering |
| QUOTASETTING | Quota settings |
| RECOVEROS | OS recovery settings |
| REGISTRY | Registry information |
| SCSICONTROLLER | SCSI controller |
| SERVER | Server information |
| SERVICE | System services |
| SHARE | Shared resources |
| SOUNDDEV | Sound devices |
| STARTUP | Startup programs |
| SYSACCOUNT | System accounts |
| SYSDRIVER | System drivers |
| SYSTEMENCLOSURE | Physical system |
| SYSTEMSLOT | Physical slots |
| TAPEDRIVE | Tape drives |
| TEMPERATURE | Temperature sensors |
| TIMEZONE | Time zone information |
| UPS | UPS information |
| USERACCOUNT | User accounts |
| VOLTAGE | Voltage sensors |
| WMISET | WMI settings |
13. Practical Examples और Use Cases
Example 1: Complete System Report
@echo off echo Creating System Report… echo. echo Computer Information: > system_report.txt wmic computersystem get name,manufacturer,model >> system_report.txt echo. >> system_report.txt echo OS Information: >> system_report.txt wmic os get caption,version,buildnumber >> system_report.txt echo. >> system_report.txt echo CPU Information: >> system_report.txt wmic cpu get name,numberofcores,maxclockspeed >> system_report.txt echo. >> system_report.txt echo Memory Information: >> system_report.txt wmic memorychip get capacity,speed >> system_report.txt echo Report created successfully!
Example 2: Monitor Disk Space
wmic logicaldisk where “drivetype=3” get name,size,freespace /format:csv > disk_space.csv
सभी hard drives का space CSV format में
Example 3: Find High CPU Usage Processes
wmic process where “workingsetsize>100000000” get name,workingsetsize
100MB से ज्यादा memory use करने वाले processes
Example 4: Network Adapter Status Check
wmic nicconfig where IPEnabled=true get description,ipaddress,macaddress /format:table
Active network adapters की complete information
14. Tips और Best Practices
उपयोगी टिप्स:
- List देखने के लिए: wmic /? – सभी available aliases
- Alias help: wmic cpu /? – किसी specific alias की help
- Output को file में redirect करने के लिए > या >> operator use करें
- CSV format automation और data analysis के लिए बेहतर है
- WHERE clause से specific results filter करें
सावधानियां:
- WMIC Windows 10 21H1 और बाद में deprecated है
- Administrator privileges कई commands के लिए जरूरी हैं
- DELETE और CALL operations सावधानी से use करें
- Remote commands के लिए proper network permissions चाहिए
- कुछ commands system performance को affect कर सकते हैं
PowerShell Alternative:
चूंकि WMIC deprecated है, Microsoft PowerShell cmdlets का उपयोग करने की सलाह देता है:
- Get-WmiObject – WMI information के लिए
- Get-CimInstance – Modern alternative (recommended)
Quick Reference – Most Used Commands
रोज़मर्रा के काम में सबसे ज्यादा उपयोग होने वाले WMIC commands:
| Category | Command | Purpose |
| System Info | wmic computersystem list brief | Computer details |
| OS Info | wmic os get caption,version | Windows version |
| CPU | wmic cpu get name,numberofcores | Processor info |
| Memory | wmic memorychip get capacity | RAM details |
| Disk | wmic diskdrive list brief | Hard disk info |
| Logical Drives | wmic logicaldisk get name,size,freespace | Drive space |
| BIOS | wmic bios get serialnumber | BIOS serial |
| Network | wmic nic get name,macaddress | Network adapters |
| IP Config | wmic nicconfig get ipaddress | IP addresses |
| Processes | wmic process list brief | Running processes |
| Services | wmic service list brief | All services |
| Software | wmic product get name,version | Installed programs |
| Startup | wmic startup list brief | Startup programs |
| Users | wmic useraccount get name | User accounts |
| Battery | wmic battery get estimatedchargeremaining | Battery status |
निष्कर्ष
WMIC एक powerful command-line tool है जो Windows system administration के लिए बेहद उपयोगी है। हालांकि यह tool अब deprecated हो गया है, फिर भी कई legacy systems और scripts में इसका उपयोग होता है।
भविष्य के लिए: नए projects और scripts में PowerShell cmdlets जैसे Get-CimInstance और Get-WmiObject का उपयोग करना बेहतर है क्योंकि Microsoft इन्हें actively support करता है।
याद रखें: हमेशा commands को समझकर और सावधानी से use करें, खासकर production environments में। DELETE और administrative commands के साथ extra careful रहें।
Happy System Administration! 🖥️